Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna

Founding of the Society
Year	Authority / Notes
1714	According to Maylender (1926-1930), v.3, pp.300-301, the Academy degli Inquieti was founded in either 1690 or 1691 by Eustachio Manfredi and meetings were held in his home. But, within 4 years, more room was needed; so meetings moved to the home of Jacopo Sandri. With the increasing renown of this Accademia, there came increasing interest in creating a stable authoritative scientific institute in Bologna. The prime mover in the latter project was Conte Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli. In 1705, the meetings of the Accademia moved to his palazzo. In 1712 Marsigli donated to the city of Bologna his Museum, which then moved to the Palazzo Poggi, where two years later (1714) the Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna was established, and into which the Accademia degli Inquieti then merged. Maylender (1926-1930), v.5, pp.126-128, gives more historical information on the Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, including the exact founding date (p.127) of 1714, March 13. The Italian name of the Academy in its early years is a more complex matter. The earliest definitive proof of its early name in Italian comes from the title of its first serial publication in Italian (beginning in 1829): Rendiconto delle Sessioni Ordinarie dell'Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna. It is interesting to note that the title of its second serial publication in Latin (beginning in 1834), namely Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Instituti Bononiensis, uses a Latin name for the society that is an exact translation of the Italian name (Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna). The situation is different with the title of its very first serial publication (in Latin): De Bononiensi Scientiarum et Artium Instituto atque Academia Commentarii (1731 - 1791). The name of the Academy embedded in this title is by no means a translation of the Italian name from 1829: Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna. For further evidence, we may look in the initial pages of T.1 of the latter publication, where the founding and early history of the Academy are discussed. We find on p.16 that the first gathering of the new Institute occurred on 1714, March 13 (III.Id.Mart.A. MDCCXIV). Then, p.18 of T.1, we read that, before the Institute had been founded, Marsigli had established two academies in his home, one for the sciences, and one for painting and the other related fine arts, such as sculpture and civil architecture, both of which he wanted to join to the Institute; and the Senate (the body that approved the establishment of the Institute) did not oppose this. ["Ante Institutum conditum duas academias, scientiarum unam, alteram picturae aliarumque, quae huic finitimae sunt, pulcherrimarum artium, ut statuariae & civilis architecturae habebat Marsilius domi suae constitutas, quarum utramque cum Instituto conjungi voluit; neque Senatus repugnavit."] This helps explain the Artium in the title of their first serial publication: De Bononiensi Scientiarum et Artium Instituto atque Academia Commentarii. In the same chapter (De Academia Pictorum, Sculptorum, & Architectorum), on p.19, we read that the Academicians were just about forty in number, and that they met on no fixed day, but, as things were then and as the occasion demanded. The text then adds that the Academicians were called Clementini, because the great and excellent Pope Clement XI was delighted by their skill, and he gave the Institute most of its laws/principles (?). ["Academici sunt admodum quadraginta. Nullis certis diebus conveniunt, sed pro re nata & tempore. Clementini appellantur, quod eorum arte Clemens XI. Pontifex maximus praecipue delectatus est, & plurima ejus caussa Instituto tribuit."] An early history of the Clementine Academy is given in the following: Storia dell'Accademia Clementina di Bologna aggregata all'Istituto delle Scienze e delle Arti (by Zanotti, Bologna 1739; an anastatic reproduction was produced by A. Ottani Cavina e L. Anceschi, Bologna, 1977). The Accademia Clementina di Bologna has had a somewhat complex history. According to a summary of a book by Giuseppe Lipparini entitled L'Accademia di Belle Arti e l'Accademia Clementina di Bologna, the Accademia Clementina di Bologna ceased in 1803, and in the same year, the Accademia Nazionale delle Belle Arti was founded. A page entitled Accademia Clementina (devoted to a 1931 re-incarnation of the Academy) gives a slightly different story. Evidently, in 1706 a group of painters headed by Giampietro Zanotti founded an Academy, which, with the assistance of Luigi Ferdinando Marsili, was united with the Istituto delle Scienze in 1710. Taking their statutes from Pope Clement XI in 1711, the Academy was called Clementina and had its seat in the Palazzo Poggi. With the Napoleonic occupation, the Accademia Clementina was suppressed, but in September 1802 the Accademia Nazionale di Belle Arti di Bologna was founded. And in 1931, the Accademia Clementina was re-founded in memory of the 18th century institution. From this, we draw that, although this institution was founded in 1714 as an Institute with two constituent Academies, one for the sciences and one for the fine arts, after 1802 or 1803, the Academy devoted to the fine arts ceased to exist, leaving only one constituent Academy, that devoted to the sciences. Given the above historical information, it seems reasonable to assume that the Latin name of the organization, at least for the period of its Commentarii (1731 to 1791), was something like: Bononiense Scientiarum et Artium Institutum atque Academia. It is less clear what the Italian name would have been. We do have the above-mentioned 1739 publication by Zanotti, which gives the name of the overall Institute as Istituto delle Scienze e delle Arti. Standing on its own, it would probably also have included a reference to Bologna, so that the name of the overall Institute (in 1739) was probably Istituto delle Scienze e delle Arti di Bologna. It is not clear, however, where the word for Academy would have been placed; perhaps the Italian version of Bononiense Scientiarum et Artium Institutum atque Academia. was something like Istituto e Accademia delle Scienze e delle Arti di Bologna.
Seat of the Society
City	Authority / Notes
Bologna Italy	This location is supported by the name of the Society.
Name of the Society
Dates	Name	Authority
1731 - 1791	Bononiense Scientiarum et Artium Institutum atque Academia	Its publications.
1829 - 1883	Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna	Its publications.
1883 - 1907	Accademia Reale delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna	Its publications.
1884 - 1945	R. Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna	Its publications.
1945 -	Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna	Its publications.
Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna = Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna)

Journals of the Society
Years	Full Journal Title	Abbrev.
1731 (t.1); 1745 - 1747 (t.2, p.1-3); 1755 (t.3); 1757 (t.4); 1767 (t.5, p.1-2); 1783 (t.6); 1791 (t.7)   A	De Bononiensi Scientiarum et Artium Instituto atque Academia Commentarii Full-text of 1.1731 - 7.1791 is available at Centro Inter-Bibliotecario (CIB), Universita di Bologna - Progetto DigLib. The volume-year correspondences are taken from the full-text archive at Centro Inter-Bibliotecario (CIB), Universita di Bologna - Progetto DigLib. An examination of individual volumes in the full-text archive reveals that at least some of the volumes are divided in two parts (Commentarii and Opuscula) with separate pagination; in some volumes, this separation corresponds to separately published parts (Pars). According to a record in the Univ. Bologna cat., vol.1 (1731) was reprinted with emendations in 1748. Continued by C. Indexed Reuss & Pogg. [Univ. Bologna cat.]	Comm. Bon. [Pogg., v.1, col.471 cites VI, 1783.] Comm. Bonon. [Pogg, v.1, col.92 cites T. I & T. II.] Comment. Acad. Bonon. [Phil. Trans., Vol. 50 (1757), p.595 cites T. II.] Comment. Bonon. [Phil. Trans., Vol. 134 (1844), p.296 cites 1783.] Comment. Bonon. [Pogg, v.1, col.113 cites T. II, 1757. T. IV & T. VII.] Comment. Bononienses [Phil. Trans., Vol. 114 (1824), p.456 cites Vol. II.] Comment. Bononienses [Reuss, v.3, p.74 cites T.1.] Commentar. Bonon. [Reuss, v.2, p.18 cites T.2.] Commentar. Bononiens. [Phil. Trans., Vol. 126 (1836), p.499 cites tom. ii.] Commentar. Bononienses [Reuss, v.4, p.8 cites T.1 & T.4; v.4, p.4 cites T.2. P.1, P.2 & P.3.] Commentarii Bononienses [Reuss, v.4, p.14 cites T.5. P.1 & P.2; v.4, p.49 cites T.7.] Memoirs of the Institute of Sciences [J. Crim. Law Criminol. Police Sci., Vol. 50, No. 4 (Nov. - Dec., 1959), p.405 cites Vol. 7, 1791, Bologna.] Memoirs of the Bononian Academy [Phil. Trans., Vol. 50 (1757), p.595 cites T. II.]
1829/30-1835/37 (one vol.)   B	Rendiconto delle Sessioni Ordinarie dell'Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna The year and volume information is given in the record in the Univ. Bologna cat.. Continued by D. [Univ. Bologna cat.; Library of Congress cat.]
1834 - 1849 (T.1 - t.10.)   C	Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Instituti Bononiensis The year and volume information is given in the record in the Library of Congress cat. Continues A. Continued by G. Indexed Pogg. & RSLC [Univ. Bologna cat.; Library of Congress cat.]	Bologna, Nov. Comment. [RSLC, v.1, p.xxi] Mem. Bologna [Pogg, v.1, col.164 cites an 1836 article by Francesco Bertelli, a member of the Istituto, which published a Memorie beginning in 1850, which had as predecessor the Novi Commentarii; the latter is likely intended.] N. Comm. Bonon. [Pogg, v.1, col.130 cites T. V & VI.] Nov. Comm. Bonon. [Pogg, v.1, col.164 cites 1840, 1844.] Nov. Comment. Bonon. [Pogg., v.1, col.387 cites II, 1836; III, 1839; IV, 1840; V, 1842; VI, 1844.]
1837/1838 - 1883   D	Rendiconto delle Sessioni dell'Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna Also partly found in E, F, & H. Continues B. Continued by I. Indexed RSLC [Library of Congress cat.; Univ. Bologna cat.]	Bologna, Rendiconto [RSLC, v.1, p.xxi] R.C. Accad. Bologna [Proc. Roy. Soc., A Vol. 153, No. 878 (Dec. 2, 1935), p.5 cites vol. 2, 1881.] Rend. della R. Accad. di Bologna [Isis, Vol. 28, No. 2 (May, 1938), p.375 cites 1873.] Rendic. accad. sc. ist. Bologna [Science, Vol. 2, No. 46 (Dec. 21, 1883), p.804 cites Jan. 28, 1883.]
1838 - 1848 (Bd.1 - 2.Ser. Bd.10)   E	Nuovi Annali delle Scienze Naturali e Rendiconto delle Sessioni delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna Contains part of D. Continued by F. [GBV German Union cat.]
1850 (3.Ser. Bd.1 - Bd.2)   F	Nuovi Annali delle Scienze Naturali e Rendiconto dei Lavori dell'Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto e delle Società Agraria, di Bologna Contains part of D. Continues E. Continued by H. [GBV German Union cat.]
1850 - 1883 T.1 - t.12; ser.2., t.1 - t.10; ser.3., t.1 - t.10; ser.4., t.1 - t.5   G	Memorie della Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna Continues C. Continued by J. Indexed RSLC [Library of Congress cat.]	Accad. Sci. Bologna, Mem. [Classical Philology, Vol. 56, No. 4. (Oct., 1961), p.245 cites X.(1859).] Bologna, Mem. Accad. Sci. [RSLC, v.1, p.xxi] Bologna, Accad. Sci. Mem. [RSLC, v.9, p.xi] Mem. Acad. Sci. Bologna [Phil. Trans., B Vol. 221 (1932), p.426 cites 2nd series, vol. 10 (1870).] Mem. Acc. Bologna [Proc. Roy. Soc., Vol. 75 (1904 - 1905), p.279 cites 1862.] Mem. accad. sc. Bologna [Science, Vol. 2, No. 24 (Jul. 20, 1883), p.87 cites 1880.] Mem. accad. sc. istit. Bologna [Science, Vol. 2, No. 26 (Aug. 3, 1883), p.144 cites 1877.] Mem. dell' Accad. delle Sc. di Bologna [J. Roy. Anthrop. Instit., Vol. 48 (Jan. - Jun., 1918), p.83 cites Serie ii, Tom. x, 1870.] Mem. dell' Accad. delle Scienze di Bologna [Phil. Trans., Vol. 166 (1876), p.581 cites articles from 1868 to 1873.] Mem. dell' Accad. di Scienze dell. Ist. di Bologna [Phil. Trans., A Vol. 184 (1893), p.954 cites ser.3, vol. 10, 1879.] Mem. della Accad. delle Scienze dell' Istituto di Bologna [Biometrika, Vol. 13, No. 2/3 (Jul., 1921), p.154 cites 2 series, Vol. VI.]
1851? - 1854 (3.Ser. Bd.3 - Bd.10)   H	Nuovi Annali delle Scienze Naturali e Rendiconto dei Lavori dell'Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna con Appendice Agraria Contains part of D. Continues F. [GBV German Union cat.]
1883/1884 - 1895/1896; 1896/1897 - 1906/1907 (nuova ser., v.1 - v. 11)   I	Rendiconto delle Sessioni dell'Accademia Reale delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna The record in the Library of Congress cat. gives the title as Rendiconto delle Sessioni dell'Accademia Reale delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna for this run. The record in the Zeitschriftendatenbank (ZDB) gives the title as Rendiconto delle sessioni della R. Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna for this run, and indicates that the title was split into two sections, one for the Classe di Scienze Fisiche and one for the Classe di Scienze Morali. Continues D. Continued by M and M1. Indexed RSLC [Library of Congress cat.; Zeitschriftendatenbank (ZDB)]	Bologna, Rend. [RSLC, v.13, p.xx]
1884 - 1907 Ser.4., t.6 - t.10; ser.5., t.1 - t.10; ser.6, t.1 - t.4   J	Memorie della R. Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna According to the entry in the Library of Congress cat., this title did not have the royal designation (the R.) until the 1884 volume; but the entry in the Univ. Calif. cat. suggests that it had this designation from 1850. The entry in the Univ. Calif. cat. indicates that this title split into two titles: Memorie della R. Accademia delle scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna. Classe di scienze morali; and: Memorie della R. Accademia delle scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna. Classe di scienze fisiche, and continues the volume numbering of the latter. Continues G. Split into K and L. Indexed RSLC [Univ. Calif. cat.]	Bologna, Acc. Sci. Mem. [RSLC, v.13, p.xx] Bologna Mem. Acc. Sc. [Science, Vol. 35, No. 894 (Feb. 16, 1912), p.275 cites 1905, series 6, Vol. 2.] Mem. Accad. Bologna [Trans. Am. Math. Soc., Vol. 143 (Sep., 1969), p.410 cites (5) 5 (1895-1896).] Mem. R. Acc. Sci. Ist. Bologna [Annals of Mathematics, 2nd Ser., Vol. 28, No. 1/4 (1926 - 1927), p.156 cites 8 (1899-1900).] Mem. R. Accad. Bologna, Sci. fis. [Phil. Trans., B Vol. 238, No. 656. (Feb. 10, 1955), p.345 cites IV S., 8, 1887.] Mem. R. Accad. Sc. Ist. Bologna [Science, New Series, Vol. 5, No. 129 (Jun. 18, 1897), p.943 cites Vol. 8, 1888.] Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Bologna [Phil. Trans., B Vol. 208 (1918), p.434 cites ser. 5, vol. 2, 1892.] Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna [Science, New Series, Vol. 33, No. 857 (Jun. 2, 1911), p.859 cites 1896.] Memorie R. Accad. delle Scienze dell' Ist. di Bologna [Phil. Trans., B Vol. 185 (1894), p.33 cites serie iv., vol. 10, 1890.]
1906/1907 - 1916 Ser.1, t.1 - t.10; 1916/1917 - 1925/26; (ser.2, t.1 - t.10); 1926/29 - ???? (ser.3, t.1-3 - ????); 1937/1938) - 1944/1945 (ser.4, v.1. - v.7)   K	Memorie della R. Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, Classe di Scienze Morali The volume/year correspondences are a composite of information from the Library of Congress cat. and the Bibliot. Nat. France cat.. According to the record in the Library of Congress cat., vols. for 1906-07-<1933-34> published in varying numbers of fasc. issued jointly or separately by: Sezione di scienze storico-filologiche, and: Sezione di scienze giuridiche. According to the record in the Bibliot. Nat. France cat., up until 1820, it was divided into two sections entitled: (A) Sezione di scienze giuridiche et (B) Sezione di scienze storico-filologiche. The entry in the Univ. Calif. cat. indicates that Memorie della R. Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna (1884 - 1907) split into two titles: Memorie della R. Accademia delle scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna. Classe di scienze morali; and: Memorie della R. Accademia delle scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna. Classe di scienze fisiche, and continues the volume numbering of the latter. Continues in part J. Continued by P. [Library of Congress cat.; Univ. Calif. cat.; Bibliot. Nat. France cat.]
1906/1908 - 1915/1916 (1.Ser. 1. - 9.); 1916/1917 - 1925/1926 (2.Ser. 1. - 10.); 1926/1927 - 1936/1937 [i.e. pub. 1928 - 1937] (3.Ser. 1. - 10.); 1937/1938 - 1947 (4.Ser. 1. - 10.); 1947/1948 - 1960/1961 [i.e. pub. 1949 - 1961] (5.Ser. 1. - 10.); 1961/1962 - 1962/1963 (6.Ser. 1. - 2.)   M1	Rendiconto delle sessioni della Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, Classe di Scienze Morali Continues I. Continued by T. [Zeitschriftendatenbank (ZDB)]	R. C. Accad. Bologna, Cl. Sci. Mor. [J. Roy. Anthrop. Instit., Vol. 77, No. 1 (1947), p.78 cites Ser. 1, 3, 1910.] Rend. R. Accad. d. Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, Scienze Morali [Classical Quarterly, New Series, Vol. 6, No. 3/4 (Jul. - Oct., 1956), p.193 cites ser. 3, vol. x (1937).] Rendic. Accad. Sc. Bologna, Sc. Mor. [Classical Review, New Ser., Vol. 7, No. 2 (Jun., 1957), p.178 cites Ser. V, iii, 1949-50.] Rendic. R. Acc. di Bologna [J. Hellenic Studies, Vol. 62 (1942), p.51 cites a classics article in IV, i, 1938.] Rendiconti accad. delle scienze dell'ist. di Bologna [PMLA, Vol. 76, No. 2 (May, 1961), p.255 cites a literary article in VIII (1959).] Rendiconto dell' Accad. di Bologna. Classe di Scienze Morali [Harvard Studies Class. Philol., Vol. 89 (1985), p.226 cites serie 5, vol. III (1949-50).]
1907/1908 - 1922/1923 Ser.6, t.5 - t.10, ser.7, t.1 - t.10; 1923/1924 - 1932/1933; (ser.8, t.1 - t.10); 1933/1934 - 1942/1943 (ser.9, t.1 - t.10)   L	Memorie della Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, Classe di Scienze Fisiche The entry in the Library of Congress cat. makes it clear that this run of the title had the royal designation; it also indicates that volume dating was added only with ser. 7, t. 3 (1915-16). The starting years for this run are taken from the record in the Univ. Calif. cat.. The entry in the Univ. Calif. cat. indicates that Memorie della R. Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna (1884 - 1907) split into two titles: Memorie della R. Accademia delle scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna. Classe di scienze morali; and: Memorie della R. Accademia delle scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna. Classe di scienze fisiche, and continues the volume numbering of the latter. Continues in part J. Continued by O. [Library of Congress cat.; Univ. Calif. cat.]	Mem. Accad. Sci. Bologna [Annals of Math., 2nd Ser., Vol. 40, No. 3 (Jul., 1939), p.689 cites a mathematical article in VII. s. Vol. 8 (1921).] Mem. Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna [Trans. Am. Math. Soc., Vol. 210 (Sep., 1975), p.329 cites a mathematical article in (8) 8 (1930/31).] Mem. d. R. Accad. d. Scienze dell' Istituto di Bologna. Cl. d. Sc. fis., Sez. di Med. e Chirurgia [Isis, Vol. 10, No. 1 (Mar., 1928), p.147 cites Ser. 7, 9, 1921-22.]
1907/1908 - 1942/1943 (Nuova ser., v.12 - v.47)   M	Rendiconto delle sessioni della R. Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, Classe di Scienze Fisiche Continues I. Continued by N. [Library of Congress cat.]	Rend. R. Accad. Scienze Istit. Bologna [Isis, Vol. 13, No. 2 (Feb., 1930), p.381 cites an article on the history of mathematics in 1925-26.]
1943/1944 - 1952/1953 (Nuova ser., v.48 - v.57)   N	Rendiconto delle sessioni della Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, Classe di Scienze Fisiche. Continues M. Continued by Q. [Library of Congress cat.]
1943/1944 - 1952/1953 (Ser.10, t.1 - t.10)   O	Memorie della Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, Classe di Scienze Fisiche Continues L. Continued by R. [Library of Congress cat.]	Mem. Accad. Sci. Inst. Bologna [J. SIAM, Vol. 11, No. 3 (Sep., 1963), p.613 cites an applied mathematics article in 10 (1948).] Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna. Cl. Sci. Fis. [Proc. Roy. Soc., B Vol. 264, No. 1387 (Oct. 22, 1997), p.1522 cites 5, 1949.]
1945/1948 - 1949 (Ser.4, v.8 - v.9); 1950 - 1963 (ser.5, v.1 - v.11)   P	Memorie / Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, Classe di Scienze Morali Continues K. Continued by S. [Library of Congress cat.]	Mem. Accad. Bologna [J. Roman Studies, Vol. 53, Parts 1 and 2 (1963), p.115 cites an historical article in 4, 5, 1953.]
1953/1954 - 1962/1963 (Ser.11, t.1 - t.10); 1963/1964) - 1972/1973) (ser.12, t.1 - t.10); 1973/1974 - (ser.13, t.1 - )   Q	Atti della Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, Classe di Scienze Fisiche. Rendiconti According to the record in the Library of Congress cat., this run of the title adopts the original numbering scheme of the parallel series of Memorie. Continues N. [Library of Congress cat.]	Atti Accad. Sci. Bologna [Isis, Vol. 55, No. 4 (Dec., 1964), p.540 cites a history of science article in 1963, rendiconti, serie 11, 10.]
1954 -   R	Atti della Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, Classe di Scienze Fisiche. Memorie Continues O. [Library of Congress cat.]
1963/1964 - (Vol.51/52 - )   S	Atti della Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, Classe di Scienze Morali. Memorie. Continues P. [Library of Congress cat.]
52=58.1963/64(1967) -   T	Atti della Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna, Classe di Scienze Morali. Rendiconti Continues P. Continues M1. [Zeitschriftendatenbank (ZDB)]	Atti. Acc. Sc. Ist. Bologna, Cl. Sc. Mor., Rend. [J. Roman Studies, Vol. 69 (1979), p.230 cites 65 (1976-7).] Atti Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna Rend. Cl. Sci. Mor. [Isis, Vol. 77, No. 5 (1986), p.25 cites 1981-82, 70.]